Outline of Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan is a sovereign Turkic country located in Central Asia.^[1] The name Turkmenistan is derived from Persian, meaning "land of the Turkmen". The name of its capital, Ashgabat, derived from Persian as well, loosely translating as "the city of love". Until 1991, it was a constituent republic of the Soviet Union, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the southwest, Uzbekistan to the northeast, Kazakhstan to the northwest, and the Caspian Sea to the west.

According to CIA World Factbook 2006 figures, Turkmenistan ranks 5th in the world for GDP growth rate. Although it is wealthy in natural resources in certain areas, most of the country is covered by the Karakum (Black Sands) Desert. It has a single-party system, and was ruled by President for Life Saparmurat Niyazov until his death on 21 December 2006. Presidential elections were held on 11 February 2007. Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedow was declared the winner with 89% of the vote. He was sworn in on 14 February 2007.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Turkmenistan:

General reference

• Pronunciation:
• Common English country name: Turkmenistan
• Official English country name: Turkmenistan
• Common endonym(s):
• Official endonym(s):
• Adjectival(s): Turkmen
• Demonym(s):
• Etymology: Name of Turkmenistan
• International rankings of Turkmenistan
• ISO country codes: TM, TKM, 795
• ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:TM
• Internet country code top-level domain: .tm

Geography of Turkmenistan

• Turkmenistan is: a landlocked country
• Location:
  • Northern Hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere
  • Eurasia
    • Asia
      • Central Asia
  • Time zone: UTC+05
  • Extreme points of Turkmenistan
    • High: Aýrybaba 3,139 m (10,299 ft)
    • Low: Akjagaýa çöketligi −81 m (−266 ft)
  • Land boundaries: 3,736 km

 Uzbekistan 1,621 km

 Iran 992 km

 Afghanistan 744 km

 Kazakhstan 379 km

• Coastline: none^[2]

• Population of Turkmenistan: 5,110,023 (Dec. 2006 est.) – 112nd most populous country
• Area of Turkmenistan: 488,100 km² – 52nd by total area
• Atlas of Turkmenistan

Environment of Turkmenistan

• Climate of Turkmenistan
• Environmental issues in Turkmenistan
• Ecoregions in Turkmenistan
• Renewable energy in Turkmenistan
• Geology of Turkmenistan
• Protected areas of Turkmenistan
  • Biosphere reserves in Turkmenistan
  • National parks of Turkmenistan
• Wildlife of Turkmenistan
  • Flora of Turkmenistan
  • Fauna of Turkmenistan
    • Birds of Turkmenistan
    • Mammals of Turkmenistan

Natural geographic features of Turkmenistan

• Glaciers of Turkmenistan: None
• Islands of Turkmenistan: None
• Lakes of Turkmenistan
• Mountains of Turkmenistan
  • Volcanoes in Turkmenistan: None
• Rivers of Turkmenistan
  • Waterfalls of Turkmenistan
• Valleys of Turkmenistan
• List of World Heritage Sites in Turkmenistan

Regions of Turkmenistan

Ecoregions of Turkmenistan

Administrative divisions of Turkmenistan

• Provinces of Turkmenistan
  • Districts of Turkmenistan

Provinces of Turkmenistan

• Aşgabat
• Ahal Province
• Balkan Province
• Daşoguz Province
• Lebap Province
• Mary Province

Districts of Turkmenistan

The provinces of Turkmenistan are divided into districts, which may be either counties or cities.

Demography of Turkmenistan

Government and politics of Turkmenistan

Main article: Government of Turkmenistan and Politics of Turkmenistan

• Form of government: Presidential republic
• Capital of Turkmenistan: Ashgabat

• Elections in Turkmenistan
  • (specific elections)
• Political parties in Turkmenistan
• Political scandals of Turkmenistan
• Taxation in Turkmenistan

Branches of government of Turkmenistan

Executive branch of Turkmenistan

• Head of state: President of Turkmenistan, Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedow
• Head of government: President of Turkmenistan, Gurbanguly Berdimuhammedow
• Cabinet of Turkmenistan

Legislative branch of Turkmenistan

• Parliament of Turkmenistan (unicameral per 2008 constitution)
  • Upper house: None
  • Lower house: None

Judicial branch of Turkmenistan

• Supreme Court of Turkmenistan

Foreign relations of Turkmenistan

• Diplomatic missions in Turkmenistan
• Diplomatic missions of Turkmenistan

International organization membership

Turkmenistan is a member of:^[1]

Asian Development Bank (ADB) Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Group of 77 (G77) International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol) International Development Association (IDA) International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS) International Finance Corporation (IFC) International Labour Organization (ILO) International Maritime Organization (IMO) International Monetary Fund (IMF) International Olympic Committee (IOC) International Organization for Migration (IOM) (observer) International Organization for Standardization (ISO) (correspondent) International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)

International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Islamic Development Bank (IDB) Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) Nonaligned Movement (NAM) Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) Partnership for Peace (PFP) Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) (guest) United Nations (UN) United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) Universal Postal Union (UPU) World Customs Organization (WCO) World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) World Health Organization (WHO) World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) World Meteorological Organization (WMO) World Tourism Organization (UNWTO)

Law and order in Turkmenistan

• Capital punishment in Turkmenistan
• Constitution of Turkmenistan
• Crime in Turkmenistan
• Human rights in Turkmenistan
  • LGBT rights in Turkmenistan
  • Freedom of religion in Turkmenistan
• Law enforcement in Turkmenistan

Military of Turkmenistan

• Command
  • Commander-in-chief:
    • Ministry of Defence of Turkmenistan
• Forces
  • Army of Turkmenistan
  • Navy of Turkmenistan
  • Air Force of Turkmenistan
  • Special forces of Turkmenistan
• Military history of Turkmenistan
• Military ranks of Turkmenistan

Local government in Turkmenistan

History of Turkmenistan

Main article: History of Turkmenistan, Timeline of the history of Turkmenistan, and Current events of Turkmenistan

• Economic history of Turkmenistan
• Military history of Turkmenistan

Culture of Turkmenistan

• Architecture of Turkmenistan
• Cuisine of Turkmenistan
• Ethnic minorities in Turkmenistan
• Festivals in Turkmenistan
• Humor in Turkmenistan
• Languages of Turkmenistan
• Media in Turkmenistan
• National symbols of Turkmenistan
  • Coat of arms of Turkmenistan
  • Flag of Turkmenistan
  • National anthem of Turkmenistan
• People of Turkmenistan
• Prostitution in Turkmenistan
• Public holidays in Turkmenistan
• Records of Turkmenistan
• Religion in Turkmenistan
  • Buddhism in Turkmenistan
  • Christianity in Turkmenistan
  • Hinduism in Turkmenistan
  • Islam in Turkmenistan
  • Judaism in Turkmenistan
  • Sikhism in Turkmenistan
• List of World Heritage Sites in Turkmenistan

Art in Turkmenistan

• Art in Turkmenistan
• Cinema of Turkmenistan
• Literature of Turkmenistan
• Music of Turkmenistan
• Television in Turkmenistan
• Theatre in Turkmenistan

Sports in Turkmenistan

• Football in Turkmenistan
• Turkmenistan at the Olympics

Economy and infrastructure of Turkmenistan

• Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 83rd (eighty-third)
• Agriculture in Turkmenistan
• Banking in Turkmenistan
  • National Bank of Turkmenistan
• Communications in Turkmenistan
  • Internet in Turkmenistan
• Companies of Turkmenistan
• Currency of Turkmenistan: Manat
  • ISO 4217: TMT
• Economic history of Turkmenistan
• Energy in Turkmenistan
  • Energy policy of Turkmenistan
  • Oil industry in Turkmenistan
• Health care in Turkmenistan
• Mining in Turkmenistan
• Turkmenistan Stock Exchange
• Tourism in Turkmenistan
• Transport in Turkmenistan
  • Airports in Turkmenistan
  • Rail transport in Turkmenistan
  • Roads in Turkmenistan
• Water supply and sanitation in Turkmenistan

Education in Turkmenistan

Health in Turkmenistan

See also

• Index of Turkmenistan-related articles
• List of international rankings
• List of Turkmenistan-related topics
• Member state of the United Nations
• Outline of Asia
• Outline of geography

References

External links

Wikimedia Atlas of Turkmenistan

• Turkmenistan government information portal
• Music of Turkmenistan
• The Turkmenistan Project - weekly news and analysis in English and Russian
• CIA Factbook
• Official photo gallery from Turkmenistan and Ashgabat
• Largest Photo gallery of Turkmenistan and Ashgabat
• Photo Gallery from Turkmenistan (in German)
• Turkmenistan Travel Guide
• Encyclopedia of the Nations
• All schools of Turkmenistan (Russian)
• BBC News country profile
• View Ashgabat, Dashoguz, and Mary on Google Earth
• Turkmenistan Music and Videos
• Turkmenistan-News Forum Chat. Search file Turkmenistan
• Turkmenistan Oil and Gas Information
• Turkmenistan Social
• Turkmenistan Blogs
• Turkmen-English Dictionary
• Turkmenistan News
• Turkmen literature, poems, poetry, articles
• The World's Barmiest Bans

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